Fridtjof Nansen

Fridtjof Nansen, born in 1861, was a multifaceted Norwegian notable for his humanitarian and exploratory efforts. A champion skier and accomplished zoologist, Nansen led the first Greenland crossing during a 4.5-month scientific expedition, documenting local wildlife. His polar research significantly contributed to equipment and travel techniques in icy terrains. 

In 1920, Nansen became the president of the Norwegian Union for the League of Nations. The next year, he headed the High Commission for Refugees, inventing the “Nansen Passport” and implementing comprehensive refugee aid methods. He directed major relief efforts during the 1921 Russian famine, saving up to 22 million lives, and later assisted displaced Greeks and Armenians, influencing post-WWII international aid structures. Nansen won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1922 for his extensive humanitarian work.